Micropython on ESP32

I guess I cannot avoid using Python. As much fun as Node.js is and as much as I like the ability to do work in the background, a lot of my simpler scripts use async/await which reduces the program to simply do its work one line at a time. And in order.

Python on normal Linux machines is way too boring. Running it on an ESP32 is far better: I got plenty examples using Espruino (JavaScript), so I can use those to re-program them in MicroPython. Should be easy, right?

Step 1: Install MicroPython

./esptool.py --chip esp32 --port /dev/ttyUSB0 erase_flash
./esptool.py --chip esp32 --port /dev/ttyUSB0 --baud 460800 write_flash -z 0x1000 esp32-20190125-v1.10.bin

You should now be able to connect to /dev/ttyUSB0 (115200 bit/s) and get the Micropython REPL. Get the ESP32 binary from here. esptool from here.

Step 2: Install ampy

ampy is used to upload and run Python programs on your microcontroller.

pip install adafruit-ampy --user

Now you can do things like showing the internal flash filesystem:

ampy --port /dev/ttyUSB0 ls
export AMPY_PORT=/dev/ttyUSB0
ampy ls
ampy get /boot.py

Step 3: Run a simple program

def do_connect():
    import network
    wlan = network.WLAN(network.STA_IF)
    wlan.active(True)
    if not wlan.isconnected():
        print('connecting to network...')
        wlan.connect('sauerkraut2', 'AntonAnton')
        while not wlan.isconnected():
            pass
    print('network config:', wlan.ifconfig())

do_connect()

Save this as a file (e.g. wlan.py). Replace WLAN SSID and PASSWORD of course:

$ ampy run wlan.py
network config: ('192.168.22.219', '255.255.255.0', '192.168.22.1', '192.168.22.1')

So the ESP32 connected to the WLAN and got an IP 192.168.22.219!

Step 4: Use the OLED

Obviously at this point you want to see the microntroller do something you cannot do by your main Linux (or Windows) machines. E.g. link a LED. Or write something on the OLED. I happen to have an128x64 OLED with a SSD1306 controller, so I'll use that. Here the program taken from here from Lauri Võsandi (call it esp32-oled-demo.py):

from time import sleep_ms
from machine import Pin, I2C
from ssd1306 import SSD1306_I2C

buf = "wubba lubba dub dub  "

i2c = I2C(-1, Pin(4),Pin(5),freq=40000) # Bitbanged I2C bus
assert 60 in i2c.scan(), "No OLED display detected!"

oled = SSD1306_I2C(128, 64, i2c)
oled.invert(0) # White text on black background
oled.contrast(255) # Maximum contrast

for j in range(0, 500):
    oled.fill(0)
    oled.text(buf[j%len(buf):]+buf, 10, 10)
    oled.show()
sleep_ms(40)

However it needs the ssd1306 module, which you can get like this:

wget https://raw.githubusercontent.com/adafruit/micropython-adafruit-ssd1306/master/ssd1306.py

and then you upload it to the microcontroller:

ampy put ssd1306.py

Now you can run your program from above:

ampy run esp32-oled-demo.py
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Time on Espruino on ESP32

Espruino devices do not usually have a proper battery-backed RTC available, so the second easiest way to get a time is via (S)NTP. On Espruino on the ESP8266 this is super-simple (192.168.21.1 is my NTP time server and 9 is the timezone offset):

//ESP8266
//Wifi.setSNTP("192.168.21.1", 9);

but that does not work on Espruino on the ESP32 as Wifi.setSNTP() does not exist here (nor anywhere else). But a module for SNTP exists. This is how to use it to set the time:

// ESP32
E.setTimeZone(9);
const sntp=require('sntp');
var options = {
    host: '192.168.21.1',
    port: 123,
    timeout: 1000
};

sntp.time(options, function (err, time) {
    if (err) {
        console.log('Failed: ' + err.message);
        return;
    }
    setTime(time.T2/1000);
    //console.log('Local clock is off by: ' + time.t + ' milliseconds');
    //console.log('Full NtpMessage:', time);
}); 

Way more complicated, but it's more general on Espruino.

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TTGO T-Eight and Espruino

TTGO T-Eight is a small ESP32 board from here. Small OLED, left/right/select input method, microSD slot, and 4 MB PSRAM, LiPo connector, plus of course WiFi/Bluetooth is a good combination of features. The problem as usual is the lack of documentation. The situation is even worse in this particular case:

  1. The official git repo is outdated and describes only the OLED part of the old revision of the board.
  2. There's an old and new revision of the board. Luckily the silkscreen is updated, but if you copy&paste old code, you'll be possibly surprised that it won't work.
  3. There's a TTGO T8 which is similar but different. They could have called it T9, or T8a or T8D.
  4. There's no schematics so finding out what connects to what pin is somewhere between "Trust the docs" and "Detective work"

Anyway, here is what I found:

  1. SDA/SCL is Pin 21/22 as printed on the silk screen (old version: 5 and 4)
  2. microSD would then be at 5/23/18/19 as per silk screen (untested)
  3. Input is Pin 37/38/39 for right/center/left
    Comments

Typhoon No. 12 and Air Pressure

I was measuring air pressure during Typhoon no. 12 this year and here is a graph of the air pressure change while the typhoon was passing Tokyo. It dropped from 993 hPa to 984 hPa. While not a huge drop, it's still notable for the rate of change.

Here the path. Tokyo is where the blue dot is. It's quite far away and we had not much wind.

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Espruino and InfluxDB

Espruino did unexpectedly have a module to talk to InfluxDB directly: https://github.com/espruino/EspruinoDocs/blob/master/modules/InfluxDB.js. Given that it's a simple HTTP POST request (see previous blog entry), I should not have been surprised.

That simplifies data ingestion: no need for MQTT broker, no need for an MQTT-to-InfluxDB converter. The InfluxDB instance is on the local network this way since SSL is still not doable on an ESP8266.

This is the Espruino code:

// InfluxDB configuration
 var influxDBParams = {
    influxDBHost: "192.168.1.14",
    influxPort: 8086,
    influxDBName: "demo",
    influxUserName: "submit",  
    influxPassword: "submitpw",
    influxAgentName: "ESP32"
   };

var influxDB = require("InfluxDB").setup(influxDBParams);

// bme() is the function to read from the BME280 sensor
let temperature=bme.readTemperature()

let data="env "+temperature+"="+temperature;
influxDB.write(data);

That's it. As simple as MQTT.

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